Stereotypes of Culture Essay Example for Free

Stereotypes of Culture Essay This essay aims to explore benefits and disadvantages for managers to use sophisticated stereotypes. Stereotypes provide international managers an advantage of ‘first guess’ about cultural behaviors in countries and organizations so that they can develop appropriate strategies to cope with cross-cultural problems. However, it causes three drawbacks. If stereotyping is judging a group of people on the basis of theoretical concepts, it will be called ‘sophisticated stereotyping’ (Osland and Bird, 2000). The greatest benefit is sophisticated stereotype offers basic cultural knowledge, and is useful for managers to guess about cultural behavior in a country. Therefore, it is used as assistant tool in building unitary organizational cultures. The tourist firm relied on Hosftede’s framework. Because Japanese are collectivistic while Danish are individualistic, the Danish director had to consider whether provide guidance to Danish staffs or strict control to Japanese staffs, instead using individual competencies for all employees. Another example, the audio-visual firm took a chance of gender differentiation between Denmark and Japan to recruit suitable talents for their Tokyo office because it knows Japanese prefer masculine values. Hence it can say that sophisticated stereotypes can be a helpful weapon in implementing cultural management strategies. In contrast, sophisticated stereotypes cannot capture paradox which is the first disadvantage. In particular, if there are no exact cultures as described, people who depend on generalization studies cultural barriers will get confused. However, people who are acquired with cultural differences via their knowledge and experiences will be able to foresee what is most important and the best thing to do in foreign countries. Second, theoretical studies in national cultures are not sufficient to intercultural business context because international business embraced various cultures across borders. However, such scholars as Hofstede, Hampden-Turner and Trompenaars, Hall have studied in a single-national culture. Furthermore, sophisticated stereotypes do not describe potential cultural changes in intercultural encounters. These scholars had conducted researches for at least 19 years ago. Corporate cultures might change over time as a consequence of changes in perception and modern societies. In this case, national generalizations are useless to fit to intercultural encounters. Thus, managers merely gain insight into multi-cultural management by their experience and new approaches. In conclusion, because of above risks, sophisticated stereotypes merely are useful at the starting point for managers to guess cultural behaviors. Moving beyond sophisticated stereotypes, they need to make incremental changes by using their own knowledge to manage cultural issues.

Does Chromium Picolinate Effectively Aid Weight Loss? :: Health Diet Papers

Does Chromium Picolinate Effectively Aid Weight Loss? For many years people all over the world have struggled to regulate weight loss and weight gain. Through research and experimentation, doctors can now provide people with methods of doing this. One widely used weight loss product is chromium picolinate. This is the main ingredient in capsules that are designed to reduce appetite and cravings and help convert fat to lean body tissue. Although there is no proven evidence that is one hundred percent accurate, the general opinion of consumers nationwide is that chromium picolinate is effective in aiding weight loss. The general opinion of doctors and scientists, however, is that chromium picolinate does not effectively aid weight loss, and may be harmful due to side effects. This serves as a forewarning to consumers that advertisements may be false, and caution is necessary. What is the Purpose of Chromium Picolinate? Chromium picolinate is used in conjunction with weight loss programs. "It's purpose is to control the appetite, preserve lean muscle mass, spare protein, and stimulate metabolism." (Http://www.west.net/-sbarb) "It aims to reduce the cravings for sweets and help the body maintain proper blood sugar levels so the typical energy level ups and downs normally associated with dieting are greatly reduced." (http://www.mindspring.com/bobatlga/shapedex.html) "Chromium picolinate works to make it easier to burn more calories every minute and to keep excess pounds off forever." (http://users.aol.com/lpvitamins/shapepls.html) "While most dieters who lose a significant amount of weight lose too much muscle and organ tissue, chromium picolinate can accelerate fat loss while helping to preserve or increase muscle." (http://www.nutrition-warehouse.com/chromium.picolinate.html). How Does Chromium Picolinate Work? Overall, chromium picolinate works to control hunger, spare protein and stimulate metabolism. "In order to control the appetite, especially reduce sugar cravings, chromium picolinate sensitizes the 'glucostat' in the brain that monitors blood sugar availability and tells the body when it's hungry or not hungry. In order to spare protein, chromium picolinate 'sensitzes' muscle to insulin, and helps to preserve muscle in dieters so that they burn more fat and less muscle. This preservation of lean body mass has an important long-term positive effect on metabolic rate. This process helps dieters keep off the fat that they lose. It works because insulin directly stimulates protein synthesis and retards protein breakdown in muscles. During low calorie diets, as insulin levels decline , the 'protein sparing' process also declines. Chromium picolinate also stimulates metabolism. In order to do this, chromium picolinate aides the heat producing effects of insulin .

Tutorial on Alligation

Tutorial – Alligation I This is a copy on a word document. A few members have posted that they could not open the original that was posted on August 4, 2002 as a Created Text File. The following is an exact duplicate: The following is a dilution problem, solved by using an alligation method. to see this problem solved by using ratio/proportion please see a Tutorial called: Tutorial on Dilution Using the Ratio / Proportion Method Problem: The doctor has ordered 60ml of a 12% solution of a specific drug (Rx). However, on the shelf you have only 30% (Availability or Av). What can you do? or use instead? Answer: Dilute the stronger 30% with WATER to make a 12% solution Calculation: Alligation or Ratio/Proportion Method This Tutorial is by using the Alligation method only. For the Ratio Proportion Method Please see the Tutorial on Dilution Using the Ratio / Proportion Method Begin by drawing a Tic Tac Toe diagram: NOTE: WATER has NO drug in it. Therefore the percentage (%) of drug is 0%. 1. Place the high in the upper left. (H) 2. Place the lowest in the lower left. (L) 3. Place the middle or what you are going to make in the middle. (M) 4. Subtract H – L and it becomes (both) the denominators. 30-0=30 5. Subtract H – M and it becomes the numerator of the lower right corner. 30- 12=18 6. Subtract M – L and it becomes the numerator of the upper right corner. 12-0=12 7. Check point: 12 + 18 = 30, 30 over 30 = 1 or 30/30 = 1 Note in the future doing other alligations: If your answer is one or 1 then you may proceed with a green light to the next step! Your alligation should look like this: 12 30% —– X 60 ml = 24 ml of 30 % solution 30 12% 18 % —– X 60 ml = 36 ml of WATER (0 % solution) 30 = 60 ml of 12% solution Dear All With the ability of this new site to keep the graphic or design of the tic tac toe, I have been able to enhance it here on a File attachment. The lines of the alegation stay straight!!! Jeanetta Mastron copyright July 18, 2002 The above is an exact copy/duplicate of the Created Text File on a word document. A few members have posted that they could not open the original that was posted on August 4, 2002 as a Created Textr File. The above is an exact duplicate. The following is the original date it was posted, the original link that is STILL on the site with the Created Text File, and a Print Screen which proves the original posted date. Original post date: Aug  4,  2002 Original link of JeanettasPTCBStudyGroup: http://f1. grp. yahoofs. com/v1/AMLVSb6aO3208cFhgB9h90haDMQjWFAZpRWYP9pgHo88xiQ8ZLvqBwWiBIDp pIEkkCdYpiUxP5thnV6nJHq6/5-%20Tutorial-1%20%26%20Study%20Information/S%208-%20Math%20Tutorials%20Only/Alligations/Tutorial%20on%20Allegations%20I This is the original and current description of the Created Text of: Tutorial on Allegations I Learn how to dilute a strong solution with WATER using the Allegation methodas described by Jeanetta Mastron CPhT, Founder of the PTCB Study Group! . To learn how to do this with the Ratio-Proportion Method see the Tutorial on Dilutio using Ratio/Proportion Method copyright July 2002 by Jeanetta Mastron This is a print screen to prove that this was posted earlier. [pic] Please note the correct spelling of the word is Alligation. [pic] ———————– Notice the dates: Original Sept 21, 2003 Word Copy Apr 3, 2009 Updated Word May 23, 2009

The Cruel Reality Of Organ Donation Of The Brain Dead

Would you be willing to donate your organs to save a life? This is a question many people face when they go to sign their donor cards. We know the facts, ‘One dead donor can save up to 7 lives’, ‘that 21 people die everyday waiting for a transplant.’ However what we don’t know is the cruel reality surrounding organ donation of the brain dead. In the world there are two types of death, brain death and circulatory death. The difference, when you are declared brain dead more of your organs to be donated to save a life. While a brain dead person can save more lives the concept of brain death has sparked much controversy, this is because it is hard to determine when the brain is in fact truly dead which sparks the question of ‘how will the†¦show more content†¦The results of this survey are shocking, as it is hard to believe that so many hospitals and doctors would defy the set guidelines for brain death and skip tests specified as necessary for determining death, this makes me wonder that if these tests are so commonly skipped, how is it known if we are dead enough. If there is a mistake and they declare someone alive dead, then this could lead to the death of somebody who would’ve otherwise survived. Because of the differences in practice many doctors have a different opinion on when you are ‘dead enough’ for harvesting.The common ignorance of the AAN guidelines for brain death diagnosis leads to subjective diagnoses made in a short amount of time, which may lead to people who are alive being diagnosed with brain death. In the documentary ‘Surprising realities of brain death and organ donation’ the diagnosis of brain death is shown to be subjective as â€Å"accepted medical standards can be whatever the doctor says† which therefore means that a person with 50% of their brain traumatically injured but the other half perfectly fine can still be diagnosed with brain death. This is because the diagnosis is often made within a short amount of time which doesn’t allow for the brain to heal. There have been cases across the US where people have recovered from the diagnosis of brain death when given enough time for the brain to heal. The fact that the diagnosis can be subjective and thatShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of A Transplant Organ Transplant Essay1722 Words   |  7 PagesStates are on the waiting list to receive a lifesaving organ transplant. Every 10 minutes a new name is added to the transplant waiting list and on average around 20 people die per day due to a lack of organ availability. The consistent high demand for organs and the shortage of donors in the United States has prompted a complex discussion on ways to close the gap. China, for example, has found a solution. They use death-row inmate’s organs for transplant operations. A report from an internationalRead MoreAbout Face: the Face Transplant Debate6103 Words   |  25 PagesDebate The first successful human organ transplant in the United States was performed on December 23, 1954. On that date, a kidney was successfully transplanted, with the organ donated by a living identical twin of the recipient (Kaserman, 2007). More than fifty years have now passed since that first successful human organ transplant and since then, organ transplantation has moved from the experimental stage to assume an important role in the treatment of organ failure stemming from a wide varietyRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagesperson (usu. child or young person); dwarf (cf. à  kà   1.) be stunted in growth dwarf; stunted person be stunted in growth sign; mark; cut; footprint draw a line lines on the hand; destiny insignia of office cake made of beans (Y. à  kà  rà  ) A. spirits of the dead of worthless people (see mÌ€ má » ¥Ã… Ã¯â‚¬ §): Ndá »â€¹ à  kà  loà ²gà ²là ¬ jà ¬ yà   aka He is possessed by the spirits of worthless people B. unambitit ious, easy-going, prodigal person guinea corn gruel; hot pap (? Hausa) mix, prepare liquid pap potash (H. kanwaa) thatching matsRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesway to define it. 16. I try to unfreeze my thinking by asking lots of questions about the nature of the problem before considering ways to solve it. 17. I try to think about the problem from both the left (logical) side of my brain and the right (intuitive) side of my brain. 18. I do not evaluate the merits of an alternative solution to the problem before I have generated a list of alternatives. That is, I avoid deciding on a solution until I have developed many possible solutions. 19. I have someRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesmeet your full expectations and be an effective instructional tool. Although case books abound, you and your students may find this somewhat unique and very readable, a book that can help transform dry and rather remote concepts into practical reality, and lead to lively class discussions, and even debates. In the gentle environment of the classroom, students can hone their analytical skills and also their persuasive skills—not selling products but selling their ideas—and defend them againstRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesof their group. Thus, a strongly individualistic U.S. employee may not work well if sent to a Pacific Rim country where collectivism dominates. Accordingly, flexibility and adaptability are key components for employees going abroad. To make this a reality, human resource managers must have a thorough understanding of the culture of the areas around the globe to which they send employees. HRM must also develop mechanisms that will help multicultural individuals work together. As background, language